Banteng

The banteng is a large wild cattle species with white lower legs and rump patch. Adult bulls are usually dark brown to black and more heavily built, while cows and young are reddish brown; both sexes bear horns, shaped differently in mature males and females (IUCN species assessment; Mammal Diversity Database).

It survives patchily in mainland and island Southeast Asia, using dry and evergreen forest, grassland and forest edge. Herds feed on grasses, leaves, shoots and fruit, often moving into openings after dark. Hunting, habitat loss, livestock disease and hybridization drive declines (IUCN species assessment). It is Nationally Endangered (Thailand Red Data 2025).